Cell cycle (mitosis) Part 1

Our cells in our body go through cellular replication. There are many steps that occur before we get two cells from one cell. Every normal person would have 23 pairs of chromosomes. The chromosomes contain genetic information that is vital for a cell to perform its function. Therefore, a cell needs to go through steps that helps it to pass its exact copy of DNA to its offspring.

First, the cell goes through a phase of growth and maturity called the G1(growth) phase. Then, the cell goes through the S phase or the synthesis phase. The S phase is when the cells DNA gets duplicated. This process takes time for completion. The DNA, first, needs to split. The enzyme, Helicase, separates the DNA through the process of hydrolysis. This literally means "to split by water". Each nitrogenous base share one water molecule to stick together. This enzyme helps adds another water molecule, giving each nitrogenous base its own water molecule, as a result, the DNA splits in halves. Next the DNA Polymerase inserts new nucleotides resulting in two strands.This step takes time and is longer than the other steps of cell cycle. Finally, the next step is called G2 (growth) phase where more growth takes place to prepare itself for M-Phase. This process of G1, S, and G2 are all part of interphase. Interphase is the longest of all phases.The next phase is the M-Phase where mitosis and cytoplasmic division occurs (Part 2).
 

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