True Science

When humans grow they replicate cells so cell divides and dies this goes for almost every organism. Unicellular organisms have asexual reproduction which means there's only a single parent so they replicate exact copies of themselves like bacteria. Humans and animals go through cellular replication. This is when a cell replicates itself into two cells. The limit is set by telomeres. These are extra ( useless) DNA strands formed at the end of a chromosome. A telomere's basic purpose is to help in cellular replication. The telomere strand at the end of each chromosome reduces every time a cell replicates, so when the telomere's run out in a cell, it dies. And typically women have more telomere's than men leading to a longer life.                                                   

Antimatter the opposite of matter has its own anti counter part antimatter electron called positron which has positive charge and the anti proton having negative charge. In early 1996 physicist found 11 electric signals from anti hydrogen thus showing that in can be produced. Anti hydrogen has one positron orbiting around one anti proton as a normal hydrogen has 1 electron orbiting around the proton in the nucleus. Antimatter also must not come in contact with matter or it start decaying and annihilating itself producing photons such as gamma rays. Anti hydrogen lasts only 15 minutes even when carefully examined by scientists.

Taste buds contain the receptors for taste. They are located around the small structures on the upper surface of the tongue, soft palate, upper esophagus and epiglottis, which are called papillae.These structures are involved in detecting the five (known) elements of taste perception: salty, sour, bitter, sweet, and umami. Small openings in the tongue epithelium, called taste pores, parts of the food dissolved in saliva come into contact with taste receptors. These are located on top of the taste receptor cells that constitute the taste buds. The taste receptor cells send information detected by clusters of various receptors and ion channels to the gustatory areas of the brain via the seventh, ninth and tenth cranial nerves.On average, the human tongue has 2,000–8,000 taste buds. The majority of taste buds on the tongue sit on raised protrusions of the tongue surface called papillae. There are four types of papillae present in the human tongue: Fungiform papillae - as the name s

Deoxyribonucleic acid ( DNA ) is a molecule that encodes the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms and many viruses. Along with RNA(base form of a protein) , DNA is one of the three major macromolecules essential for all known forms of life. Genetic information is encoded in DNA. DNA molecules are double helix, consisting of two long polymers of simple units called nucleotides, molecules with backbones made of alternating sugars (deoxyribose) and phosphate groups (related to phosphoric acid), with the nucleobases (G, A, T, C) attached to the sugars. DNA is well-suited for biological information storage, since the DNA backbone is resistant to cleavage and the double-stranded structure provides the molecule with a built-in duplicate of the encoded information. The DNA's structure is important to know. Its nucleotides contain the nitrogenous bases called G,A,T,C. These link in a pattern. Guanine and Cytosine link together and Aden

A motion sickness occurs when you travel in a car and see a stationary thing or a reead a book you feel vomiting. This happens because your vestibular system in your ear is vibrated by the motin of the car and your eyes are seeing something stationary. So your brain can't take this and produces nuerotoxin which caint be in your body so you throw it out which you call vomiting.

Magnetite is a mineral, one of the two common naturally occurring iron oxides (chemical formula Fe 3 O 4 ) and a member of the spinel group. Magnetite is the most magnetic of all the naturally occurring minerals on Earth. Naturally magnetized pieces of magnetite, called lodestone, will attract small pieces of iron, and this was how ancient people first noticed the property of magnetism. Small grains of magnetite occur in almost all igneous and metamorphic rocks. It is black or brownish-black with a metallic luster. Lodestones were used as an early form of magnetic compass. 

Do you know that light actually pushes you about a square inch were you weigh about a billionth of a killogram which is about 0.000000001 its seems very less but in a big city like Chicago in a sunny day it wieghs about 140 kilograms. Also that light travels about 299,792458 m/s in the vacumm and it travels 298,925,574 m/s in the air.

Acancer cell is produced in your body when a cell's DNA gets corrupted; this is a mutation . The body normally shuts  down or eliminates this mutated cell by a process called apoptosis but sometimes the cell replicates so quickly that it couldn't be eliminated and this is cancer. The cell rapidly divides with infinite supply of telomere's and therefore can keep replicating without a stop.  Normally these cells are taken out by a surgery if they are grown only in a single part of the body. Radiation therapy can also used when only one part of an organ is damaged. The radiation is given from an external source and with great accuracy. Therefore, radiation is used to eliminate only cancer cells while leaving out the healthy tissue. Sometimes the cancer cells travel out of the mutated region and into the blood capillaries. Then, these cancer cells  circulate and start growing in another organ. At this stage, chemotherapy is used, which are drugs that travels all over the body

Lotions are applied to external skin with bare hands, a clean cloth, cotton wool or gauze . Many lotions, especially hand lotions and body lotions are formulated not as a medicine delivery system, but simply to smooth, re-hydrate, and soften the skin. These are particularly popular with the aging and aged demographic groups, and in the case of face usage, can also be classified as a cosmetic in many cases, and may contain fragrances. Most lotions are oil-in-water emulsions using a substance such as cetearyl alcohol to keep the emulsion together, but water-in-oil lotions are also formulated. The key components of a skin care lotion, cream or gel emulsion (that is mixtures of oil and water) are the aqueous and oily phases, an emulgent to prevent separation of these two phases, and, if used, the drug substance or substances.

Skin is the soft outer covering of vertebrates. Other animal coverings such as the arthropod exoskeleton have different developmental origin, structure and chemical composition. In mammals, the skin is the largest organ of the integumentary system!!!!(The integumentary system is the organ system that protects the body from various kinds of damage) made up of multiple layers of ectodermal tissue, and guards the underlying muscles, bones, ligaments and internal organs. Skin of a different nature exists in amphibians, reptiles, and birds.All mammals have some hair on their skin, even marine mammals which appear to be hairless. The skin is one of the most important parts of the body because it interfaces with the environment and is the first line of defense from external factors.  Its other functions are insulation, temperature regulation, sensation, and the production of vitamin D folates. Severely damaged skin may heal by forming scar tissue. This is sometimes discoloured and depigmen

Forensic science (often shortened to forensics ) is the application of a broad spectrum of sciences and technologies to investigate and establish facts of interest in relation to criminal or civil law. The word forensic comes from the Latin forēnsis , meaning "of or before the forum."In Roman times, a criminal charge meant presenting the case before a group of public individuals in the forum. Both the person accused of the crime and the accuser would give speeches based on their sides of the story. The individual with the best argument and delivery would determine the outcome of the case. This origin is the source of the two modern usages of the word forensic – as a form of legal evidence and as a category of public presentation.

Sonar SO und N avigation A nd R anging is a technique that uses sound propagation (usually underwater, as in submarine navigation) to navigate, communicate with or detect objects on or under the surface of the water, such as other vessels. Two types of technology share the name "sonar": passive sonar is essentially listening for the sound made by vessels; active sonar is emitting pulses of sounds and listening for echoes. Sonar may be used as a means of acoustic location and of measurement of the echo characteristics of "targets" in the water. Acoustic location in air was used before the introduction of radar. Sonar may also be used in air for robot navigation, and SODAR (an upward looking in-air sonar) is used for atmospheric investigations. The term sonar is also used for the equipment used to generate and receive the sound. The acoustic frequencies used in sonar systems vary from very low (infrasonic) to extremely high (ultrasonic). The study of underwater s

Sound is a mechanical wave that is an oscillation of pressure transmitted through a solid, liquid, or gas, composed of frequencies within the range of hearing. Sound also travels through plasma. Propagation of sound Sound is a sequence of waves of pressure that propagates through compressible media such as air or water. (Sound can propagate through solids as well, but there are additional modes of propagation). Sound that is perceptible by humans has frequencies from about 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz. In air at standard temperature and pressure, the corresponding wavelengths of sound waves range from 17 m to 17 mm. During propagation, waves can be reflected, refracted, or attenuated by the medium. The behavior of sound propagation is generally affected by three things: A relationship between density and pressure. This relationship, affected by temperature, determines the speed of sound within the medium. The propagation is also affected by the motion of the medium itself. For exa

Robotics is the branch of technology that deals with the design, construction, operation, development and application of robots and computer systems for their control, sensory feedback, and information processing. These technologies deal with automated machines that can take the place of humans, in dangerous or manufacturing processes, or simply just resemble humans. Many of today's robots are inspired by nature contributing to the field of bio-inspired robotics. The concept in creation of machines that could operate autonomously dates back to classical times, but research into the functionality and potential uses of robots did not grow substantially until the 20th century. Throughout history, robotics has been often seen to mimic human behavior, and often manage tasks in a similar fashion. Today, robotics is a rapidly growing field, as technological advances continue, research, design, and building new robots serve various practical purposes, whether domestically, commercially

A hiccup is an involuntary contraction of the diaphragm that may repeat several times per minute. In medicine it is known as synchronous diaphragmatic flutter (SDF), or singultus , Latin for the act of catching one's breath while sobbing. The hiccup is an involuntary action involving a reflex arc.Once triggered, the reflex causes a strong contraction of the diaphragm followed about 0.25 seconds later by closure of the vocal cords, which results in the classic hic sound. At the same time, the normal peristalsis of the esophagus is suppressed. Hiccups may occur individually, or they may occur in bouts. The rhythm of the hiccup, or the time between hiccups, tends to be relatively constant

Sunscreen is a lotion, spray, gel or other topical product that absorbs or reflects some of the sun's ultraviolet (UV) radiation on the skin exposed to sunlight and thus helps protect against sunburn. Skin-lightening products have sunscreen to protect lightened skin because light skin is more susceptible to sun damage than darker skin. A number of sunscreens have tanning powder to help the skin to darken or tan; however, tanning powder does not provide protection from UV rays. Sunscreens contain one or more of the following ingredients: Organic chemical compounds that absorb ultraviolet light. Inorganic particulates that reflect, scatter, and absorb UV light (such as titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, or a combination of both). Organic particulates that mostly absorb light like organic chemical compounds, but contain multiple chromophores, may reflect and scatter a fraction of light like inorganic particulates, and behave differently in formulations than organic chemical co

Sleep deprivation is the condition of not having enough sleep; it can be either chronic or acute. A chronic sleep-restricted state can cause fatigue, daytime sleepiness, clumsiness and weight loss or weight gain. It adversely affects the brain and cognitive function. Few studies have compared the effects of acute total sleep deprivation and chronic partial sleep restriction. Complete absence of sleep over long periods is impossible for humans to achieve (unless they suffer from fatal familial insomnia); brief microsleeps cannot be avoided. Long-term total sleep deprivation has caused death in lab animals. Physiological effects Diabetes   Effects on the brain   Effects on growth   Effects on the healing process   Attention and working memory   Impairment of ability   Microsleeps   Weight gain/loss

Pluto has five known moons . In order of discovery they are Charon , Nix , Hydra , S/2011 P 1 ("P4"), and S/2012 P 1 ("P5"). Charon, the largest of the five, is mutually tidally locked with Pluto. The innermost and largest moon, Charon, was discovered by James Christy on June 22, 1978, nearly half a century after Pluto itself. In May 2005, the Hubble Space Telescope Pluto Companion Search Team imaged two more moons, named Hydra and Nix in reference to the New Horizons missionTwo more small moons, so far unnamed, were discovered in 2011 and 2012.

As onions are sliced or eaten, cells are broken, allowing enzymes called alliinases to break down amino acid sulfoxides and generate sulfenic acids. A specific sulfenic acid, 1-propenesulfenic acid, formed when onions are cut, is rapidly rearranged by a second enzyme, called the lachrymatory factor synthase or LFS, giving syn-propanethial-S-oxide, a volatile gas known as the onion lachrymatory factor or LF. The LF gas diffuses through the air and eventually reaches the eye, where it activates sensory neurons, creating a stinging sensation. Tear glands produce tears to dilute and flush out the irritant. Chemicals that exhibit such an effect on the eyes are known as lachrymatory agents. Supplying ample water to the reaction while peeling onions prevents the gas from reaching the eyes. Eye irritation can, therefore, be avoided by cutting onions under running water or submerged in a basin of water.

The ribbon eel , Rhinomuraena quaesita , or Bernis eel, is a species of saltwater eel, the only member of the genus Rhinomuraena of the Muraenidae (Moray eel) family of order Anguilliformes. What is now known as Rhinomuraena quaesita also includes the former Rhinomuraena amboinensis . R. quaesita was used for blue ribbon eels and R. amboinensis for black ribbon eels, but these are now recognized as the same species. The ribbon eel is native to the Indian and Pacific oceans. The ribbon eel is an elegant creature with a long, thin body and high dorsal fins. The ribbon eel can easily be recognised by its expanded anterior nostrils. Juveniles and sub-adults are jet black with a yellow dorsal fin, while females are yellow with a black anal fin with white margins on the fins. The adult males are blue with a yellow dorsal fin. The ribbon eel grows to an overall length of approximately 100 cm (36 in), and has a life span of up to twenty years. The ribbon eel is the only moray eel that

We all know that matter is made up of atoms which is made up of even more tiny particles called electron ,protons and neutrons. Are there anymore tiny particles than that ?? well lets see There are particles inside the electron and the protons there are two types Lepton  and Quarks . Each have six different types of particles. Leptons  are present in electrons and have 3 generation of particles they are electronic leptons, muonic leptons and taunic leptons each have 2 types Electronic leptons contain electron and electron nuetrino (They are called as nuetrino because they are lightly nuetral) Muonic leptons contain muo and muo nuetrino Tuanic leptons contain tua and tua nuetrino Quarks are present in protons and nuetrons and they have 6 types : Up quark and Down quark Top quark and Bottom quark Charm quark and strange quark Up quark and Down quark are mostly usual in protons and neutron because they are most stable the others are only produced only wh

A microwave oven contains a vacuum tube and the magnetron which gives out heat. The heat is transeferred by electro-magnetic waves which give out heat.   This radiation is fast as it moves in the speed of 2,450,000,000 per second. And so the food is made of hydrogen and oxygen atoms making a molecule and this radiation makes it move and collide each other creating heat inside and outside part of the food.   Now how do we get heat from the microwave ?? The vaccum contains the magnetron and the vacuum gives out electrons making the electro-magnetic waves. It also contains thoruim(good conductor of electricity) and tungsten(good conductor of heat) in its filament also called as cathode and the anode is made of copper and so the electons are bended inside the cavity by the magnetron giving electro magnetic radiation. 

Moonbow A moonbow (also known as a lunar rainbow, white rainbow, lunar bow, or space rainbow) is a rainbow produced by light reflected off the surface of the moon rather than from direct sunlight. Moonbows are relatively faint, due to the smaller amount of light reflected from the surface of the moon. They are always in the opposite part of the sky from the moon. Because the light is usually too faint to excite the cone color receptors in human eyes, it is difficult for the human eye to discern colors in a moonbow. As a result, they often appear to be white.However, the colors in a moonbow do appear in long exposure photographs.

Mites are an extremely successful group of insect-like invertebrates. Their success is due in part to their microscopic size and also to their ability to thrive in a wide variety of habitats. Most mites prey on animals, including mammals, birds, and other insects. Mites rarely transmit disease directly but, because they often cause intense itching, their bites can serve as entry points for infection. In addition to the effects of their bites, mites can cause allergies that affect breathing, like asthma, or the skin, like eczema. Different types of mites have different effects in humans--effects that often resemble other conditions, like contact dermatitis or simple mosquito bites. However what type of mites bite human ?? Mites are tiny arthropods that are related to ticks and chiggers. A majority of mites will never come in contact with human beings, but those that do bite a human can affect that individual's health. Most mite bites cause skin irritation and inten

Cellular Respiration We all need energy to function and we get this energy from the foods we eat. The most efficient way for cells to harvest energy stored in food is through cellular respiration, a catabolic pathway for the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). ATP, a high energy molecule, is expended by working cells. Cellular respiration occurs in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. It has three main stages: glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and electron transport.  Glycolysis:   Glycolysis literally means "splitting sugars." Glucose, a six carbon sugar, is split into two molecules of a three carbon sugar. In the process, two molecules of ATP, two molecules of pyruvic acid and two "high energy" electron carrying molecules of NADH are produced. Glycolysis can occur with or without oxygen. In the presence of oxygen, glycolysis is the first stage of cellular respiration. Without oxygen, glycolysis allows cells to make small amounts of ATP. This p

A ferrofluid   is a liquid which becomes strongly magnetized in the presence of a magnetic field. Ferrofluids are colloidal liquids made of nanoscale ferromagnetic, or ferrimagnetic, particles suspended in a carrier fluid (usually an organic solvent or water). Each tiny particle is thoroughly coated with a surfactant to inhibit clumping. Large ferromagnetic particles can be ripped out of the homogeneous colloidal mixture, forming a separate clump of magnetic dust when exposed to strong magnetic fields. The magnetic attraction of nanoparticles is weak enough that the surfactant's Van Der Waals force is sufficient to prevent magnetic clumping or agglomeration. Ferrofluids usually do not retain magnetization in the absence of an externally applied field and thus are often classified as "superparamagnets" rather than ferromagnets.

Levitation is the process by which an object is suspended by a physical force against gravity, in a stable position without solid physical contact. A number of different techniques have been developed to levitate matter, including the aerodynamic, magnetic, acoustic, electromagnetic, electrostatic, gas film, and optical levitation methods.   Animal levitation Scientists have levitated frogs, grasshoppers, and mice by means of powerful electromagnets utilizing superconductors, producing diamagnetic repulsion of body water. The mice acted confused at first, but adapted to the levitation after approximately four hours, suffering no immediate ill effects.

Eyes are organs that detect light and convert it into electro-chemical impulses in neurons. The simplest photoreceptor cells in conscious vision connect light to movement. In higher organisms the eye is a complex optical system which collects light from the surrounding environment, regulates its intensity through a diaphragm, focuses it through an adjustable assembly of lenses to form an image, converts this image into a set of electrical signals, and transmits these signals to the brain through complex neural pathways that connect the eye via the optic nerve to the visual cortex and other areas of the brain. Eyes with resolving power have come in ten fundamentally different forms, and 96% of animal species possess a complex optical system. Image-resolving eyes are present in mollusk, chordates and arthropods.   .

Corn starch mixed with water in a proper propotion can lead to a substance called oobleck   Oobleck is a non-newtonian fluid. A non-Newtonian fluid is a fluid whose flow properties differ in any way from those of Newtonian fluids. Most commonly the viscosity (resistance to deformation or other forces) of non-Newtonian fluids is dependent on shear rate or shear rate history. However, there are some non-Newtonian fluids with shear-independent viscosity.

The energy for the battery comes from the chemical change in the zinc (or other metal) when it dissolves into the acid. The energy does not come from the lemon or potato. The zinc is oxidized inside the lemon, exchanging some of its electrons with the acid in order to reach a lower energy state, and the energy released provides the power. In current practice, zinc is produced by electrowinning of zinc sulfate reduction of zinc with carbon, which requires an energy input. The energy produced in the lemon battery comes from reversing this reaction, recovering some of the energy input during the zinc production.